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BronchitisBronchitis – General InformationBronchitis is considered to be an inflammation of the bronchial tubes that connect the trachea to the lungs. This mucus-producing lining helps in the protection of the respiratory system, the organs and tissues involved in the breathing process. When the patient suffers from this type of disease, it can be harder for air to get in and out of the lungs than normally, the tissues can also become inflamed and more mucus is produced. The main symptom of this condition is the cough. When the patient inhales, small hairs near the openings of your nostrils filter out dust or pollen and other airborne particles. Tiny pieces of these things that get through become attached to the mucus membrane, which has little, hair-like composition known as cilia on its surface. But, in some cases, germs get through the cilia and the protection systems in the respiratory tract and it can lead to an unwanted illness. Bronchitis can be either acute or chronic. The acute medical disorder develops quickly and can cause chronic symptoms, which can last only a short time, less than a few weeks. Acute Bronchitis is usually caused by one of the several viruses that can lead to the infection of the respiratory tract or attack the bronchial tubes. Most patients suffer from the acute type of the disease at some point in their lives. The chronic stage of the disease can progress from mild to severe and it lasts longer, from a few months to years. In the case of the chronic disease, the bronchial tubes keep being inflamed, swollen, irritated, and they produce excessive amounts of mucus. The main cause of the chronic type is smoking.Bronchitis – SymptomsThe acute type of the disease usually starts with a dry, annoying cough that is caused by the inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes. Other symptoms of Bronchitis can include cough that may bring up thick white, yellow, or greenish mucus, headache, generally feeling ill, chills, fever (in most cases mild), shortness of breath, soreness or a feeling of tightness in the chest, wheezing (which is a whistling sound made while breathing). Chronic stage of the disease is usually encountered in smokers, although patients who have repeated stages of acute type, in some cases, can develop the chronic condition. Except for chills and fever, a patient suffering of chronic Bronchitis has a severe productive cough and the common symptoms of acute disease, such as shortness of breath and chest tightness, last for months or years. A patient with the chronic form of the disease usually takes more than usual to cure colds and other several usual respiratory illnesses. Symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, and cough can become a part of daily life, and breathing can develop significantly difficult. In patients suffering from asthma, bouts of the disease can appear suddenly and cause episodes in which they have symptoms including chest tightness, shortness of breath, wheezing, and difficulty breathing out. In a more chronic episode of the asthmatic disease, the ways can become so narrowed, inflamed and clogged that breathing becomes very difficult. In some cases, chronic sinusitis, which is an ongoing infection in the lining of one or more cavities in the bone around the nose, can be similar to the disease.Bronchitis – TreatmentUsually the two types of the disease (chronic and / or acute Bronchitis) need different treatments, but there are also some treatments that are effective in both cases; they include antibiotics, smoking cessation, and antihistamines. Antibiotics aren’t always able to treat most cases of the disease because the condition usually develops from a viral infection. But there are also some useful recommendations in relieving the symptoms of the disease that consist in getting plenty of rest, drinking extra liquids, taking a nonprescription cough medicine. It is also recommended not to suppress a cough that gets out secretion, because coughing helps in the disappearance of the irritants from the patients lungs and air passages. If the cough is keeping the patient awake during the night, he must simply use sufficient cough drugs so that he can have a little rest, but usually not enough to completely stop the cough. There are many types of over the counter cough drugs, and the patient must read the labels to know which drugs are the best ones to relieve the type of cough he is suffering from. If the cough is stopping the patient from sleeping, the doctor can prescribe a trial with cough suppressant. The doctor may prescribe one antibiotic if the patient suspects that his condition is caused by a bacterial infection. If the patient suffers of a chronic lung disorder or if he smokes a lot, the doctor can also recommend antibiotics to reduce the risks of a serious or secondary infection. If the patient suffers from asthma, the doctor can prescribe an inhaler and other Asthma medications to suppress the inflammation and open the narrowed passages from the lungs. To help the bronchial tree cure much faster and not worsen the Bronchitis, the smoker patients should reduce the number of cigarettes smoked each day or even quit smoking completely to allow their lungs to cure from the layer of tar that usually builds up over time. Using over the counter antihistamines can be painful in the trial treatment prescribed for Bronchitis. The main effect of the antihistamines treatment is the thickening of the mucus secretions. Expelling infected mucus throughout coughing can bring improvement in recovering from Bronchitis. The expulsion of the mucus can be hindered if it is thickened by the antihistamines. These medicines may help bacteria persist and reproduce inside the lungs by increasing its residence time in a warm, moist area of thickened mucus. Using antihistamines in combination with an expectorant cough syrup can double the pain increasing the production of mucus and then thickening that which is produced. If the expectorant cough syrup is taken alone it can be effective in destroying bacteria from the lungs. Using an antihistamine in combination with the medicine can work against the intention of using the expectorant. For the acute stages of the chronic type of this disease, a clinical guideline discovered that bronchodilators can be an effective option to treat the condition. Corticosteroids can be also an option in treating the disease, with long term improvement in almost all the cases. |
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