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DyspepsiaDyspepsia – General InformationDyspepsia is a common condition of the gastro intestinal tract, which can also affect the esophagus and the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine and even the stomach. The chronic form of the disease is similar to the normal form, but it is long lasting. Dyspepsia can be easily confused with another stomach condition, also known as peptic ulcer, because they develop the same signs and symptoms, such as pain and discomfort in the upper area of the patient’s abdomen, which usually appears with bloating sensations, belching and nausea. Scientists still can not determine the exact cause of the disease, but there are some particular cases in which the disorder can be caused by a viral infection. The cases in which the Dyspepsia is caused by other medical conditions are rare, and this is why doctors consider it a functional disease. There are also some certain factors, known as aggravating factors, that can cause the worsening of the signs and symptoms of this condition. They can include overeating, eating too quickly, in most of the cases, swallowing air, drinking carbonated beverages, eating spicy foods, eating greasy or fatty foods, consuming too much caffeine or alcohol, smoking, taking certain drugs, particularly nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which can include aspirin and ibuprofen, prescribed as advil and motrin, antibiotics and stress. The disease commonly affects patients with the age between 55 and 60 years old. Men are more affected than women. It is recommended to treat the disease as early as possible because it can cause serious abdominal conditions that are challenging to treat and cure.Dyspepsia – SymptomsDyspepsia is a condition that is usually discovered accidentally, when a patient does his routine tests for other abdominal disorders. The diagnosis of the disease is made through several procedures which can include blood tests, barium X rays, contrast studies, endoscopy, ultrasound therapies and gastric emptying studies. The main symptom of the Dyspepsia disease is pain in the upper area of the patient’s stomach, but, there are cases in which the disease can be diagnosed from other signs and symptoms which can include a burning sensation or discomfort in the upper abdomen or lower chest, which is usually relieved by the consumption of food or by the intake of antacids, bloating, belching, gas, called flatulence, an early sensation of fullness when eating and nausea. The unhealthy lifestyle of the patient can even worsen the signs and symptoms of the disease. The aggravation of the symptoms can also be made by stress, fatigue, poor diet, almost no exercise and insufficient rest. If the symptoms of Dyspepsia are persistent, the patient has to seek immediate medical support. There are cases in which the patient has to see the doctor if he experiences persistent or recurrent abdominal pain, persistent nausea, vomiting, particularly if is accompanied by blood, unexplained weight loss, persistent loss of appetite, bloody stools or a persistent indigestion or indigestion, which can appear with shortness of breath, sweating, or pain radiating to your chest, neck and arms, which can indicate an heart attack. If the disease is left untreated, it can lead to the appearance of other complications such as side effects from the prescribed medicines.Dyspepsia – TreatmentThe main goal of the treatment for Dyspepsia is to prevent the recurring of the disease. When the patient suffers from the chronic form of the disease, the treatment is used for long term. In most of the cases, the doctor prescribes medicines to treat the disease, but he can also recommend behavior therapy. There are many types of medicines available for the treatment of Dyspepsia. They include antacids, acid blockers, proton pump inhibitors, prokinetic agents, antispasmodics, acid suppressors, antidepressants and antibiotics. Antacids are administered in liquid and tablet form, and are prescribed as Maalox or Mylanta. The main effect of these medicines is to neutralize the stomach acid, leading to fast symptom relief. Acid blockers are also prescribed by doctors to treat Dyspepsia and have the effect of decreasing the level of acid that is produced by the patient’s stomach. Proton pump inhibitors are types of medications that halt the acid pumps, which contain the cells that produce the acid. By blocking the action of the pumps, the amount of stomach acid is reduced. These medicines are usually administered orally, but there is another pump inhibitor, called pantoprazole or Protonix, that can be administered intravenously. Doctors can also prescribe the non-prescription form of the Prilosec medicine. Prokinetic agents are types of medicines that help the patient’s stomach to empty more rapidly, or to relieve the abdominal discomfort by tightening the valve between the stomach and esophagus. In most of the cases, doctors use the metoclopraminde medicine, prescribed as Reglna, to treat Dyspepsia. It is also known that the drug can have serious side effects. Another medicine used to treat the disease is antispasmodics. These medicines are used to relax the smooth muscles of the intestine, which can lead to a decreased ingestion. Generally, the antispasmodics are prescribed by the doctors as dicyclomine or Bentyl and hyoscyamine or Levsin and Cystospaz. The Cytoprotective agents, or acid suppressors, are some medications that protect the tissues that line the stomach with the small intestine. In most of the cases, the acid suppressors are prescribed as sucralfate or Carafate and misoprostol or Cytotec. In the chronic case of the disease, the doctor can prescribe, along with these medicines, a treatment trial with stomach protective medicines. There are some medications, which are administered in low doses that can control the neurons that innervate the intestines. The intake of such medicines can ease intestinal pain. These drugs can include tricyclic antidepressants and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Generally, the antidepressants are prescribed as Imipramine or Tofranil and amitriptyline, and the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors as fluoxetine or Prozac and Sarafem, or paroxetine as Paxil. There are cases in which the doctor can prescribe antibiotics to treat Dyspepsia. The most commonly used antibiotics include amoxicillin or Amoxil, clarithromycin or Biaxin, metronidazole or Flagyl and tetracycline or Sumycin, which have proved to be very effective. |
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