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Bacterial VaginosisBacterial Vaginosis General InformationThe overgrowth of normal bacteria in the vagina leads to a vaginal discharge that best characterizes an abnormal vaginal condition, the disease called Bacterial Vaginosis or BV. Until some few years ago this disorder was named Gardnerella vaginitis after the bacteria that supposedly caused the condition. But new research found that in each vagina lives a variety of bacteria species. When their proportion is equal they do not produce any disorder or symptoms to the affected woman, but when the percentage of these multiple bacteria species becomes imbalanced, In a vagina live, in a normal healthy body, more “good” bacteria that “harmful” ones so that is believed that when a woman develops BV, the quantity of “harmful” bacteria gets bigger. But how a woman gets this infection is still unknown. Any woman can develop BV! But it is believed that some behaviors and habits can increase the risk of getting BV by misbalancing the normal proportion of bacteria in the vagina. Bacterial Vaginosis is not transmitted sexually and is not very dangerous, but the symptoms caused can be really disturbing. A close evaluation of the patient must be done to differentiate Bacterial Vaginosis from more serious infections, such as gonorrhea or Chlamydia. This kind of vaginal infection is very common especially for those women of childbearing age and must not be confused with candidias (yeast infection) and trichomoniasis (infection with trichomonas vaginalis) that are not caused by bacteria. In some parts of the world, 20% of pregnant women get BV.Bacterial Vaginosis SymptomsThe main symptoms for Bacterial Vaginosis is abnormal vaginal discharge that usually is grayish white and a foul, fishy odor. A normal discharge has no odor and varies in amount and consistency with the menstrual cycle. About two weeks after the menses start, the normal discharge is clear. Rarely women get to have some other symptoms or signs. What is different from woman to woman is the amount of vaginal discharge. More than 50% of the women with Bacterial Vaginosis do not have any symptoms. The vaginal discharge appears irregular especially after sex and has an unpleasant smell and some woman may complain of itching inside or around the vagina. During urination, some women complain of burning sensations. Although this infection is considered not dangerous, if left untreated it can lead to severe complications, for example, a bigger susceptibility to infections transmitted sexually, such as HIV. Some specialists associate it to development of PID (pelvic inflammatory disease) that is usually followed by abortion or hysterectomy and other surgical procedures. It is very dangerous to have BV while you are pregnant. You can put not only your life in danger, but your unborn child too. The baby can be born premature or with a very low weight at birth (under 6 pounds). You can also become more susceptible to other STDs, for example gonorrhea and Chlamydia. The Bacteria can infect the tubes that carry the eggs to the uterus from the ovaries (fallopian tubes) and the womb (the uterus). You can become infertile or your fallopian tubes can get damaged.Bacterial Vaginosis TreatmentAs any other infection, Bacterial Vaginosis needs to be treated. If not, it can reach to the fallopian tubes and to the uterus where it can cause more severe infections and with an adequate treatment, you can easily reduce the risk of some other major health problems. In pregnant women, the right treatment is very important because the situation is already more serious. When a woman will come to the healthcare specialist professional questioning about vaginal discharge, the doctor may believe at some other diagnosis, such as trichomoniasis (trichomonas vaginalis) or yeast infection or a thrush (candidiasis). To differentiate Bacterial Vaginosis from these two other conditions, some few simple tests will be done. The gynecologist carries out a speculum exam of your vagina and with a swab of cotton gets a sample of the discharge that will be tested. After the testing, it may result a characteristic smell (a “fishy” odor), “clue cells” (named like this because they indicate the reason of the discharge) and a loss of acidity (a healthy vagina is slightly acidic, with a pH from 3 to 4.5 that controls any bacteria). These results show positive when the pH is over 4.5 and the epithelial cells (“clue cells”) are coated with the bacterium. Very good news for you, if you have Bacterial Vaginosis, is that this disease has an efficient and simple treatment, only if the diagnosis is right. Also, you can choose what treatment you follow because Bacterial Vaginosis disposes of a big variety of methods to be treated. What it is very important is that you use and administrate the medicine exactly as you were being told by the doctor. This is because although the symptoms are gone before the treatment is finished, Bacterial Vaginosis could reappear so that it is important to complete the therapy as the physician told you. The health care provider can prescribe you a gel (or cream) to put in your vagina or some pills that must be taken orally, by mouth. The main treatment is the one with Cleocin 2% vaginal cream that must be used from four to eight nights, as your doctor advised you to do. The length of time will be prescribed by your doctor and depends of the stage of the infection. The oral antibiotics are available if you ask your doctor to prescribe it to you. You must precise that if you take metronidazole or other oral medicines, you must not drink alcohol while you take it or for 24 hours afterward. You must be very careful because if you combine these two, you will get severe nausea and vomiting. These conditions are caused even if you consume a small amount of alcohol found in cough syrups. Until the treatment is completed, you should abstain from sexual contacts. It is also necessary that your doctor know about any other medication you follow. Usually, women experience recurrences of this disease but how and why these recurrences appear remain question without an answer. You should try to avoid getting infected in the first place by keeping the vulva clean and dry, avoiding harsh soaps, tight jeans or feminine hygiene sprays. |
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