Malignant DiseaseMalignant Disease – General InformationMalignant Disease, which is also known as neoplasia or cancer, is a disorder which is characterized by an abnormal and uncontrolled division of the cells in the human body. This excessive growth expands fast and it finally invades and destroys the conterminous tissues; this leads to serious problems which vary a lot, considering the area which is affected. In addition, the cancer can also migrate to other parts of the body and lead to the appearance of further tumors. The first site of the disease can be any part of the body, even the skin and the blood; the next deposits are usually located in the liver, the brain, the lungs or the bones. When dealing with cancer, it is extremely important for the doctor to identify correctly the type of cancer which the sufferer experiences and what are the causes which have lead to the appearance of this disorder. Malignant Disease is, however, a general name for a large number of diseases and complications; these tumors usually present in the name the ending “-oma”, used in order to indicate the tissues which was primarily affected, the origin of the tumor. For example, carcinoma is a tumor which affects the membranes or the skin; bronchial carcinoma affects the lungs, whereas gastric carcinoma affects the stomach. Furthermore, sarcoma is a tumor which affects the cartilage, the bones and the connective tissues in the body; lymphoma affects the lymphatic system. Another important type of Malignant Disease is the cancer of the blood cells, which usually affects the white cells of the blood (leukemia).Malignant Disease – SymptomsMalignant Disease can appear at any age but the studies have shown that, in most of the cases, its frequency usually modifies with age. The most important thing which should be known by those who suffer from cancer is the fact that, if it is not treated in due time, this disorder can even result in death. Furthermore, some tumors cannot be treated even if the patient receives medical care; for example, lymphoma and leukemia cannot be treated in most of the cases, especially if the patient is old and his immune system is weak. Most of the signs and symptoms which appear in the case of Malignant Disease are located in the first tissue which is affected and in its surrounding structures. The complications which appear vary a lot considering the area where the tumor appears. In some cases, the patient may not experience any changes until the cancer reaches a severe form, whereas in other cases, the cancer may be easy to identify in an early stage. In most of the cases, however, the tumor can lead to the appearance of profound and severe complications; this can happen either directly, by an excessive production of hormones, or indirectly, when the cancer damages other organs as well. An advanced form of cancer is usually associated with general illness, associated with the loss of appetite, anemia and excessive loss of weight. In addition to these symptoms, cancer can also lead to the appearance of epilepsy, dementia, breathlessness, severe pain or extreme weakness.Malignant Disease – TreatmentIf you notice the appearance of one or more of the signs and symptoms described above, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible in order to obtain a sure diagnosis and to choose the best way of treatment, considering the type of cancer which you suffer from. The most common ways of treating Malignant Disease are radiotherapy, surgery and chemotherapy. The treatment can be administrated in order to reduce and to control symptoms (palliative treatment) or to cure the disorder (curative therapy); however, the treatment is chosen carefully taking into consideration the area which is affected, the stage of the disease and the type of cancer. The surgery which can be performed in the case of Malignant Disease consists in the removal of the first tumor and the tissue which was the origin of the tumor; the next step is the repairing of the conterminous structures. This procedure can involve elaborated reconstructive interventions and it can be prolonged for a long period of time. Radiotherapy can be used at the same time with the surgery in order to help the patient to recover; this type of therapy consists in the usage of x-ray in order to eliminate the tumor. The bad part about this type of treatment is the fact that the patient can experience a large number of side-effects, such as burning of the skin, vomiting and nausea which are caused by the large dose of radiation which are used. Chemotherapy, on the other hand, can be used to treat Malignant Disease, especially when the cancer is widespread. This therapy consists in the administration of drugs in order to destroy the cancer cells; the bad part is the fact that these drugs can also affect the normal cells and cause a large number of side effects, such as vomiting, anemia, nausea and loss of hair. The palliative treatment for Malignant Disease is usually chosen when the cancer is detected too late and it is in a severe stage which makes the curative treatment impossible to administrate; in some cases, however, the doctor may perform a surgery in order to set a fracture or to relieve an obstruction caused by the deposit of cancer in certain organs and tissues. In extreme cases, the doctor may choose to administrate the sufferer strong pain-killers obtained from morphine in order to stabilize his condition and reduce the pain. These drugs can be taken either orally, as tablets, or intravenously. In what concerns the needs of those who suffer from Malignant Disease, these can vary a lot, considering the size and the site of the primary tumor, the number of secondary tumors and the side effects which may appear. The most severe side effects which can appear consist in the appearance and development of epilepsy, a tendency to fall and shocking behavioral changes; in such conditions, the patients may need permanent supervision and control. On the other hand, some patients may experience local or generalized paralysis, as a result of secondary cancer deposits located in the spine. |
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